A non-negative matrix factorization (NNMF) algorithm was applied to identify synergistic components (i.e., activation coefficients and muscle synergy vectors). Methods: Electromyographic (EMG) activity of 13 unilateral lower limb muscles was recorded in a group of 10 healthy individuals and 10 iSCI subjects during cycling at four different cadences. This idea was split into the following two hypotheses: (a) iSCI patients present a synergistic control of muscles during cycling (b) muscle synergies outcomes extracted during cycling correlate with clinical measurements of gait performance and/or spasticity. Objective: Based on recent findings suggesting that walking and cycling share similar synergistic control, the analysis of muscle synergies during cycling might be explored as an early descriptor of gait-related impaired control. Complementary to current clinical diagnostic procedures, the analysis of muscle synergies has emerged as a promising tool to study muscle coordination, which plays a major role in the control of multi-limb functional movements. 7Toledo Physiotherapy Research Group (GIFTO), Nursing and Physical Therapy School, Castilla la Mancha University, Toledo, Spainīackground: After incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI), patients suffer important sensorimotor impairments, such as abnormal locomotion patterns and spasticity.6Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.5National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Spinal Research, Buckinghamshire Health Trust, National Health Service (NHS), Aylesbury, UK.4iPhysio Research Group, San Jorge University, Zaragoza, Spain.3Sensorimotor Function Group - Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla la Mancha (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain.2Neural Rehabilitation Group, Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain.1Electronics Department, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal.Barroso 1,2, Diego Torricelli 2 *, Elisabeth Bravo-Esteban 3,4, Julian Taylor 3,5,6, Julio Gómez-Soriano 3,7, Cristina Santos 1, Juan C.
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